Andrean Alvarino
3EB13/22209252
Softskill_Meeting 3
In 776 B.C., the
first Olympic Games were held at the foot of Mount Olympus to honor the Greeks’
chief god, Zeus. The warm climate for outdoor activities, the need for
preparedness in war, and their lifestyle caused the Greeks to create
competitive sports. Only the elite and military could participate at first, but
later the games were open to all free Greek males who had no criminal record.
The Greeks emphasized physical fitness and strength in their education of
youth. Therefore, contest in running, jumping, discuss and javelin throwing,
boxing, and horse and chariot racing were held in individual cities, and the
winners competed every four years at Mount Olympus. Winners were greatly
honored by having olive wreaths placed on their heads and having poems sung
about their deeds. Originally these contests were held as games of friendship,
and any wars in progress were halted to allow the games to take place. They
also helped to strengthen bonds among competitors and the different cities represented.
The
Greeks attached so much importance to the games that they calculated time in
four-year cycles called “Olympiads,” dating from 776 B.C. The contest coincided
with religious festivities and constituted an all-out effort on the part of the
participants to please the gods. Any who disobeyed the rules were dismissed and
seriously punished. These athletes brought shame not only to themselves, but
also to the cities they represented.
1.
Which of the following is NOT true?
a. Winners
placed olive wreaths on their own heads.
b. The
games were held in Greece every four years.
c. Battles
were interrupted to participate in the games.
d. Poem
glorified the winners in song.
Jawab: kalimat yang tidak benar adalah C. Battles were
interrupted to participate in the games. Karena dalam paragraph dijelaskan “The
contest coincided with religious festivities and constituted an all-out effort
on the part of the participants to please the gods.”
2.
The word “elite” in line 5 is closest in meaning
to…
a. Aristocracy c.
intellectuals
b. Brave d.
muscular
Jawab: Jawaban yang benar adalah A. Aristocracy. Arti
dari “elite” adalah golongan atas atau golongan ,golongan masyarakat elit dan Aristocracy
berarti bangsawan.
3.
Why were the Olympic Games held?
a. To
stop wars c.
To crown the best athletes
b. To
honor Zeus d.
To sing songs about the athletes
Jawab: jawaban yang benar adalah B. To honor Zeus. Pada kalimat pertama dijelaskan bahwa “In 776
B.C., the first Olympic Games were held at the foot of Mount Olympus to honor
the Greeks’ chief god, Zeus.”
4.
Approximately how many years ago did these games
originate?
a. 800
years b. 1,200 years c. 2,300 years d. 2,800 years
Jawab: D. 2800 years. Dalam paragraph di atas dijelaskan
bahwa Olympic Games pertama kali ada ada tahun 776 B.C (776 sebelum masehi)
saat ini tahun 2012 maka Olympic games terjadi sejak 2012 + 776 = 2788 ~ 2800
tahun yang lalu.
5.
What conclusion can we draw about the ancient
Greeks?
a. They
were pacifists.
b. They
believed athletic events were important
c. They
were very simple
d. They
couldn’t count, so they used “Olympiads” for dates
Jawab: jawaban yang benar adalah B. They believed
athletic events were important. Pada kalimat pertama pada paragraf kedua
diatas dijelaskan bahwa “The Greeks attached so much importance to the games that they
calculated time in four-year cycles called “Olympiads,” dating from 776 B.C.”
6.
What is the main idea of this passage?
a. Physical
fitness was an integral part of the lives of the ancient Greeks
b. The
Greeks severely punished those who did not participate in physical fitness
programs
c. The
Greeks had always encouraged everyone to participate in the games
d. The
Greeks had the games coincide with religious festivities so that they could go
back to war when the games were over.
Jawab: D. The Greeks had the games coincide with
religious festivities so that they could go back to war when the games were
over. Terdapat pada paragraph kedua di kalimat kedua.
7.
In line 14, the word “deeds” is closest in
meaning to
a. Accomplishments
b. Ancestors
c. Documents
d. Property
e. Jawab:
A. Accomplishments. Arti dari kata “deeds” adalah tindakan atau perbuatan. Yang
dalam kalimat tersebut bisa juga diartikan dengan Accomplishments yang secara
harfiah mempunyai arti penyelesaian, prestasi, atau kemahiran.
8.
Which of the following was ultimately required
of all athletes competing in the Olympics?
a. They
must have completed military service
b. They
had to attend special training sessions
c. They
had to be Greek males with no criminal record
d. They
had to be very religious
Jawab: C. They had to be Greek males with no criminal
record. Dijelaskan pada kalimat ketiga pada paragraph pertama yaitu “but later
the games were open to all free Greek males who had no criminal record.”
9.
The word “halted” in line 16 means most nearly
the same as ..
a. Encourages
b. Started
c. Curtailed
d. Fixed
Jawab: C. Curtailed. Arti dari kata “halted” adalah berhenti
sebentar dimana dalam kalimat diatas dapat juga berarti Curtailed yang mempunyai arti membatasi atau mengurangi.
10.
What is an “Olympiad”?
a. The
time it took to finish the games
b. The
time between games
c. The
it took to finish a war
d. The
time it took the athletes to train
Jawab: B. The time between games. Dijelaskan dalam
kalimat “the games that they calculated time in four-year cycles called
“Olympiads,” dating from 776 B.C.”
STYLISTIC PROBLEMS
1.
The defendant refused to answer the prosecutor’s
questions ____________
a. Because
he was afraid it would incriminate him.
b. For
fear that they will incriminate him
c. Because
he was afraid that his answers would incriminate him
d. Fearing
that he will be incriminated by it
Jawab: C. Because he was afraid that his answers would
incriminate him. Di soal diketahui bahwa “questions” adalah bentuk jamak. Jadi
jawaban C adalah yang benar karena “that his answers” juga berbentuk jamak.
2.
Mrs. Walker has returned_______________
a. A
wallet back to its original owner
b. To
its original owner the wallet
c. The
wallet to its originally owner
d. The
wallet to its original owner
Jawab: D. The wallet to its original owner. Kata
“return” diikuti dengan kata “to” dan owner diikuti dengan adverb. Jadi jawaban yang benar adalah D.
3.
The hospital owes____________ for the
construction of the new wing.
a. The
government twenty million dollars
b. For
the government twenty million dollars
c. To
the government twenty million dollars
d. Twenty
million of dollars to the government
Jawab: A. The government twenty million dollars. Pada
dasarnya struktur dari kalimat tersebut setelah verb lalu dilanjutkan dengan
objek. Jadi jawaban A adalah yang paling benar.
4.
Sarah ____________ that she could not attend
classes next week.
a. Told
to her professors
b. Said
her professors
c. Told
her professors
d. Is
telling her professors
Jawab: C. Told her professors. Susunan yang benar adalah
tidak menggunakan “to” maka jawaban yang benar adalah C.
5.
The artist was asked to show some paintings at
the contest because___________
a. He
painted very good
b. They
believed he painted well
c. Of
their belief that he was an good artist
d. The
judges had been told of his talents
Jawab: B. They believed he painted well. Dari keempat
jawaban yang disediakan yang paling benar susunannya adalah jawaban B karena
setelah verb (painted) dibutuhkan adverb (well) bukan adjective.
6.
If motorists do not observe the traffic
regulations, they will be stopped, ticketed, and
A
B C
have to pay a
fine.
D
Jawab: If motorists do not observe
the traffic regulations, they will be stopped, ticketed, and
have to be paid a
fine.
Analisis: karena
stopped dan ticketed dalam bentuk pasif maka have to pay juga harus dalam
bentuk pasif. Maka diganti menjadi have to be paid.
7.
Fred, who usually conducts the choir rehearsals,
did not show up last night
A B
because he had an
accident on his way to the practice.
C D
Jawab: Fred, who
usually conducts the choir rehearsal, did not show up last night
because he had an
accident on his way to the practice.
Analisis:
kata rehearsals tidak memerlukan huruf ‘s’ karena bukan merupakan verb dari
“the choir”
8.
A short time before her operation last month,
Mrs. Carlyle dreams of her daughter
A B C
who lives
overseas.
D
Jawab: A short
time before her operation last month, Mrs. Carlyle dreamed of her daughter
who lives
overseas.
Analisis: kalimat
di atas bentuknya lampau. “dreams” seharusnya juga lampau. Maka diubah menjadi
“dreamed”.
9.
The atmosphere in Andalucía is open, warm, and
gives a welcome feeling to all
A B
who have the good
fortune to visit there.
C D
Jawab: The atmosphere in Andalucía is open, warm, and gives a welcome
feeling to all
that have the good fortune to visit there.
that have the good fortune to visit there.
Analisis: kata that digunakan untuk menjelaskan "the
atmosphere"
10.
Some of the people were standing in the street
watched the parade,
A B C
while others were
singing songs.
D
Jawab: Some people were standing in the street watched the
parade, while others
were singing songs.
Analisis: Kata
"some" tidak diikuti dengan "of the" maka kata tersebut
harus dihilangkan.
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